Guru Gobind Singh Ji was the tenth Sikh Guru, a spiritual master, warrior, poet and philosopher. When his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, was executed by Aurangzeb, Guru Gobind Singh was formally installed as the leader of the Sikhs at the age of nine, becoming the tenth and final human Sikh Guru.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji was born on January 1, 1666 AD in Patna, Bihar to Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and Mata Gujri Ji. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was not in Patna when Guru Gobind Singh Ji was born because they were on their way to East India to spread the Sikhi message. Mata Gujri Ji named their son Gobind Rai. Mata Jeeto Ji, Mata Sundri Ji, and Mata Sahib Devan Ji were Guru Gobind Singh Ji's three wives. Guru Ji had three sons with Mata Jeeto Ji: Baba Juhjar Singh Ji, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, and Baba Fateh Singh Ji. Guru Ji and Mata Sundri Ji had one son, Baba Ajit Singh Ji. Guru Ji had no children with Mata Sahib Devan Ji because she was a "kuara dola" (chaste spouse). Guru Ji told Mata Sahib Devan Ji that the Collective Khalsa Panth is your child.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji became the Guru on Maghar Sudi 3, 1732 B ie. 17th December, 1675 AD at Anandpur Sahib at the age of 10 years 11 months and 16 days after the Shaheedi of their father, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. During Guru Gobind Singh Ji's reign, the rulers were Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah. Aurangzeb was a cruel ruler who forced Hindus to convert to Islam. So, Guru Gobind Singh Ji advised their father, the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, to sacrifice their lives in order to save Hinduism.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji asked the congregation of hundreds of thousands of Sikhs on the first day of the Nanakshahi month Vaisakh in 1699 AD, "Is there any child of a Sikh who is willing to give their head?" Guru Sahib tested the Sikhs' devotion, humility, and love by asking this question. A Sikh agreed to Guru Ji's request after some hesitation. Guru Sahib led him into a tent and then emerged with blood on his sword. Guru Sahib asked for five Sikhs to give their heads to the Guru one by one. As the congregation began to disperse, fearful that their Guru had gone rogue, Guru Sahib appeared with these five Singhs, who became known as the Panj Pyare (five beloved ones). They were all from different castes before coming together as the Guru's true Sikhs. Guru Sahib had given them Amrit (ambrosial nectar) inside the tent, making them Jeevan Mukt—free from the cycle of birth and death during their lifetime. Guru Ji requested Amrit after blessing the Panj Pyare (the five beloved ones) with Amrit. Guru Ji changed their name from Gobing Rai to Gobind Singh after receiving Amrit. The Khalsa's mission is to achieve "degh tegh fateh," or "food freedom victory," for all people, regardless of gender, faith, caste, or race. Guru Gobind Singh Ji solidified the Sikhi ideal of Sant-Sipahi (saint-soldier) through the Vaisakhi of 1699 and the formation of the Khalsa.
Kesh: uncut hair.
Kangha: a wooden comb.
Kara: an iron or steel bracelet worn on the wrist.
Kirpan: a sword or dagger.
Kacchera: short breeches.
In 1708 AD, while Guru Ji was in Nanded, Sirhind's Nawab Wizir Khan directed two of his men to kill Guru Ji. One of the men stabbed Guru Ji while he was resting after the Rehras Sahib prayer. Guru Ji quickly blew a strike with a sword placed by His bedside pillow before he could deliver another blow. Guru Ji's Sikhs killed the other man. Bahadur Shah dispatched the best surgeon to assist Guru Ji in his recovery. Guru Ji's wound had been stitched, and he was on the mend. When Guru Ji used a lot of force to pull a stiff bow, the wound ruptured and bled.
Previously, Guru Gobind Singh Ji recited the entire Guru Granth Sahib Ji, while Bhai Mani Singh Ji wrote them and Baba Deep Singh Ji prepared the ink and paper for the cause at Sri Damdama Sahib. At Damdama Sahib, Guru Sahib also gave a Katha (discourse) on the entire Guru Granth Sahib Ji to 48 Singhs. The entire process took 9 months and 9 days to complete. Damdami Taksal came into being thanks to Their blessings. In accordance with the previous tradition of passing the Gurgaddi (Guruship), Guru Ji placed five pie and a coconut in front of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji at Hazoor Sahib, Nanded. Guru Ji informed the Sangat that there would be no living Guru from now on. Instead, Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji would be the eternal Guru to whom they could seek guidance. Guru Ji was Joti Jot on Kattak Sudi 2, 1765 B ie November 19th, 1708 at Hazoor Sahib, Nanded. Guru Ji challenged injustice, wrote a lot of Gurbani, founded the Khalsa, and founded three towns in 42 years: Anandpur Sahib, Nanded, and Paonta Sahib.
